With some kind of cartridge-chip enhancement, probably yes. Just like a number of NES games.
The single biggest problem with the 7800 was the way it was marketed. When it first appeared in the video game magazines around mid-1984 (I still have them), we were thrilled by the pictures of games like Joust and Desert Falcon. Xevious was a recent enough game, and so the initial lineup was pretty impressive...for 1984...especially if you didn't have the 5200 versions.
And that was the real problem. Ms. Pac-Man, Robotron: 2084, and a couple of others were better on the 7800, but absolutely NOT enough so to make you want to abandon the 5200 versions.
Worse yet, the 7800, even in the more heavily populated area I used to live in, didn't really appear until 1988. Those four years made a tremendous difference; even Xevious was aged. Most of the 5200 games were recent for the time, as were the ColecoVision and 2600 games. That was a tremendous plus in their favor. But the 7800? That "oh, man, cool, that great new(ish) arcade game is on that home system" just wasn't there.
As a result of this and several other things, the 7800 got off to a weak start. Those idiot Tramiels never properly supported the 7800, and so it never was really fully utilized. All of this, in such an industry, is interconnected.